Zundel Cation Information
Hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes.[1] Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions and negatively charged ions.
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Cation (positively charged)
Main article: Hydron (chemistry) Hydronium ion Zundel cationWhen hydrogen loses its electron, the following cations can be formed:
- Hydron: general name referring to the positive ion of any hydrogen isotope (H+)
- Proton: 1H+ (most correctly, the cation of protium)
- Deuteron: 2H+, D+
- Triton: 3H+, T+
In addition, the ions produced by the reaction of these cations with water as well as their hydrates are called hydrogen ions:
- Hydronium ion: H3O+
- Zundel cation: H5O2+
- Eigen cation: H9O4+
Zundel cations and Eigen cations play an important role in proton hopping according to the Grotthuss mechanism.
In connection with acids, hydrogen ions typically refer to hydrons.
Anion (negatively charged)
Main article: Hydrogen anionHydrogen anions are formed when additional electrons are acquired:
- Hydride: general name referring to the negative ion of any hydrogen isotope (H−)
- Deuteride: 2H−, D−
- Tritide: 3H−, T−
The hydrogen anion has played an important role in quantum physics.
See also
References
- ^ Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd edition McNaught, A.D. and Wilkinson, A. Blackwell Science, 1997 [ISBN 0-86542-684-8], also online
Categories: Hydrogen physics
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